Exercises: Lesson 1
EXERCISES, LESSON 1
INSTRUCTIONS: Answer the following items by marking the lettered response that best answers the question, by completing the incomplete statement, or by writing the answer in the space provided at the end of the question.
After you have completed the exercise, turn to "Solutions to Exercise" at the end of the lesson and check your answers. For each item answered incorrectly, reread the material referenced with the solution.
1. An examination of an orthopedic patient should include an assessment of neurological function. This is done by checking the patient's _____________________, ___________________, and ___________________.
2. Terms used to describe the character of a patient's pain include cramping, throbbing, and shooting. Other terms are _____________________, _____________________________ and_____________________________.
3. A major advantage in the use of turning frames is ________________________________________________________________________.
4. Standard axillary crutches need two adjustments. These adjustments are the
_____________________________ and the _____________________________.
5. To avoid self-injury, those engaged in orthopedic nursing must understand and
apply ___________________________________________________________.
6. The 4-point crutch-walking gait is used when:
a. The patient should bear no weight on the affected leg.
b. The patient's lower extremities are paralyzed.
c. The patient can bear some weight on both lower extremities.
7. Which of the following statements is NOT a reason for application of a cast?
a. To correct deformities.
b. To hold bone fragments in reduction.
c. To prevent early mobilization.
d. To immobilize fractures.
8. You are caring for a patient with a newly applied cast, which of the following
actions would be incorrect?
a. Expose the cast to air circulation.
b. Support the cast with plastic covered pillows.
c. Handle the cast with your palms.
d. Cover the casted extremity.
9. A patient's newly casted extremity feels cold and color does not return when the blanching test is performed. This suggests ______________________________.
10. "Petaling" is a technique used to ______________________________________.
11. When turning a patient in a spice cast, the patient should be turned with the
____________________________________ side uppermost.
12. List five purposes for the use of traction.
___________________________________________.
___________________________________________.
___________________________________________.
___________________________________________.
___________________________________________.
13. The basic methods of applying traction are referred to as ___________________
and ___________________________________ .
14. Which of the following statements is NOT a correct statement?
a. Traction weights should be securely tied to a rope.
b. Traction weights should be removed only with the physician's authorization.
c. Traction weights should hang free.
d. Traction weights should be allowed to swing back and forth.
15. In________________, there an angle of approximately 20° between the thigh and the bed, with slight flexion of the hip and knee.
a. Running traction.
b. Balanced suspension traction.
c. Buck's extension traction.
d. Russell traction.
16. The combination of skeletal traction and balanced suspension is commonly used
to treat _______________________________________________.
17. An injury to a joint in which ligaments, capsule, and tissue are partially torn or
severely stretched is a ________________________________________.
18. Fractures occur when a bone is subjected to more ______________________ than it can absorb.
19. __________________________________________ may occur easily from just a slight movement in bones that have become weakened with age or disease.
20. A fracture associated with a large amount of nerve, blood vessel, or soft tissue damage is called a ______________________________________ fracture.
21. In what type of fracture are the bone ends wedged or jammed into each other?
a. Depressed.
b. Impacted or compressed.
c. Comminuted.
d. Displaced.
22. Pain, false motion, edema, and crepitus are signs of a ____________________.
23. The process of restoring bone ends to their normal anatomical position is called
____________________________________________.
24. Casting, splinting, and application of continuous traction are techniques of
_____________________________________________.
25. The principles of fracture management are ___________________________,
__________________________, and __________________________________.
26. Which of the following is NOT one of the "5 P's" of assessment?
a. Pain.
b. Pressure.
c. Paralysis.
d. Pulse.
27. This life threatening complication may occur without symptoms. If symptoms do
occur, they may be presented as substernal pain, dyspnea, apprehension, weak
and rapid pulse, or shock. Which of the following was just described?
a. Tetanus.
b. Gas gangrene.
c. Fat emboli.
d. Pulmonary emboli.
28. Severe and uncontrolled infection, peripheral vascular disease, and chronic pain
may be indications for _________________________________________.
29. The two types of amputation procedures are _____________________________
and _______________________________.
30. Proper positioning of the stump postoperatively will prevent _________________.
31. Arthritis, gout, and other related diseases can be collectively referred to as
___________________________________________________.
32. One pathological change in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is _______________
_____________________________, which is the formation of tissue that adheres
to the opposite joint surface, inhibiting motion.
33. ________________________ is also known as degenerative joint disease.
34. A pathological change in the affected joints of patients with osteoarthritis is
____________________________ of cartilage and _____________________
synovial membrane.
35. Primary, _____________________ is a metabolic disorder in which the body is unable to properly metabolize purines. This inability results in deposit of _______________________________ in the joint and connective tissues.
36. Drugs used to relieve pain of mild to moderate intensity and reduce body
temperature in selected febrile conditions are _____________________________
drugs.
37. _______________________________________ drugs are used to reduce
inflammation and relieve pain.
38. Two opium alkaloids widely used in the practice of medicine are ______________
and ___________________________________ .
39. Seizures, breathing difficulties, and respiratory depression may be serious adverse
reactions to:
a. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
b. Nonnarcotic analgesic/antipyretic drugs.
c. Opium alkaloid narcotic agonist.
d. Urate crystals.
40. Naloxone hydrochloride is an opioid ________________________ ; it can reverse
opioid-induced respiratory depression and should be kept on the nursing unit
where opioid medications are used.
